Which theory proposes that human intelligence consists of multiple independent abilities?

Multiple Intelligence Theory posits that human intelligence is not a single, unified capability, but rather a collection of distinct cognitive abilities. Howard Gardner, the psychologist who developed this theory, identified various types of intelligences, such as linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. This framework suggests that individuals may excel in different areas and that education should be tailored to accommodate these diverse strengths.

The theory challenges the traditional view of intelligence, typically measured by IQ tests, which often emphasize linguistic and logical abilities. By recognizing multiple intelligences, educators are encouraged to create diverse learning experiences that engage various strengths, promoting a more inclusive and effective educational environment. This holistic approach allows for a broader understanding of student capabilities and potential.