Which stage of Piaget's cognitive development is associated with abstract thinking?

The stage of Piaget's cognitive development associated with abstract thinking is the formal operational stage. In this stage, which typically begins around age eleven and continues into adulthood, individuals can think logically about abstract concepts. They are able to use theoretical reasoning and are no longer limited to concrete, tangible ideas.

This ability to think abstractly allows for problem-solving in hypothetical situations and the understanding of complex concepts such as morals, ethics, and scientific theories. Individuals at this stage can formulate and test hypotheses, engage in deductive reasoning, and consider possibilities beyond their immediate experiences. This is a significant shift from earlier stages where thinking is more tied to direct experiences and concrete objects.